The Government of Latvia is inviting able bodied men with no criminal records to come and cohabit with their women as Latvia faces a significant shortage of men, with women outnumbering men by 15.5% as of early 2024—the highest disparity in the European Union.
women are struggling to find partners and someone to call their own to keep them warm during the lonely nights.
President Donald Trump suggested on Sunday that he has “other ways” of charging tariffs against foreign countries regardless of what the Supreme Court says in an upcoming opinion.
The Supreme Court is expected to issue a decision this upcoming week regarding Trump’s authority to unilaterally impose tariffs against foreign countries. Trump has issued a wide swath of tariffs on several of America’s largest trading partners, impacting goods ranging from appliances to lumber and electrical components.
Trump seemed to address the upcoming opinion in a Sunday post on Truth Social.
“While the United States has other methods of charging TARIFFS against foreign countries, many of whom have, for YEARS, TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF OUR NATION, the current method of Tariffing before the United States Supreme Court is far more DIRECT, LESS CUMBERSOME, and MUCH FASTER, all ingredients necessary for A STRONG AND DECISIVE NATIONAL SECURITY RESULT. SPEED, POWER, AND CERTAINTY ARE, AT ALL TIMES, IMPORTANT FACTORS IN GETTING THE JOB DONE IN A LASTING AND VICTORIOUS MANNER,” Trump wrote.
Nigeria Gave UK A Future Prime Minister In Kemi Badenoch — Boris Johnson
Visit: www.elorasblog.com Former United Kingdom Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, has described Kemi Badenoch, leader of the UK Conservative Party, as a potential future prime minister, crediting Nigeria for “sending” her to Britain.
Johnson spoke on Thursday in Owerri during the ongoing Imo Economic Summit, where he praised the longstanding ties between both countries and the exchange of talent that sustains the relationship.
Highlighting the flow of trade and expertise between Nigeria and the UK, Johnson said Britain exports “pharmaceuticals, bankers, services of all kinds, automotive parts… and whisky — huge quantities of whisky.”
In return, he said Nigeria sends “oil and gas; Nollywood movies; brilliant doctors and nurses; technicians; and tech geniuses” to the UK.
He added humorously: “And we send you former United Kingdom prime ministers, and you send us a future United Kingdom prime minister in the form of Kemi Badenoch, who comes from Nigeria and is doing better and better these days.”
Johnson’s endorsement comes as internal Conservative Party conversations intensify over who could succeed Badenoch should she step aside before the next general election.
Recent polling has revealed dissatisfaction within sections of the party, raising questions about the Tory leader’s long-term prospects.
An October poll showed “small but significant traces” of discontent, following the party’s poor performance in the May local elections where it secured just 15 percent of the vote — its worst showing since 1995.
Potential contenders reportedly in the frame include Robert Jenrick, shadow justice secretary and Badenoch’s rival in the 2024 leadership contest, and James Cleverly, the shadow housing secretary.
Although Johnson praised Badenoch as a product of Nigerian heritage, the Conservative leader has previously stated that she no longer identifies with the country of her ancestral roots.
President Patrice Talon has appeared on national TV for the first time since Sunday morning’s attempted coup, thanking the country’s defense and security forces for “preventing the worst from happening.” Talon strongly condemned the mutiny, warning that those who tried to plunge Benin into chaos will face justice.
According to the President, their actions would have derailed years of national progress and stability.
Such an undertaking would have plunged our country into a doomed adventure with disastrous consequences. It would have brought to a halt the development process initiated by our country.”
The President praised the army’s loyalty and professionalism, saying they fought back and cleared the last pockets of resistance from the mutineers.
At least 13 soldiers have been arrested, while others are reportedly still on the run and holding captives.
Talon expressed condolences to families affected and promised that every effort will be made to rescue those still being held.
“We will do everything in our power to find them safe and sound.”
The attempted takeover was led by Lt. Col. Pascal Tigri, who briefly appeared on state television claiming control, before the Interior Ministry confirmed the government had regained command.
President Talon is expected to step down after the April 12, 2026 election, marking the end of his term.
Two of Donald Trump’s closest friends became embroiled in a public feud on Sunday as the MAGA influencers dueled over a third right-wing voice’s ties to Qatar.
It started when the so-called Trump Whisperer, Laura Loomer, took a shot at ex-Fox News personality Tucker Carlson. She said, “In case you don’t see what’s happening here, Carlson is getting a place in Qatar because Qatar is now using their financial influence and bribery, in addition to their access to Tucker to change the peace deal organized by President Trump.”
“You will soon see all of these influencers and Tucker say HAMAS can’t abide by any ceasefire unless Israel departs from Gaza entirely,” Loomer wrote.
But fellow Trump pal Roger Stone, who also served as an adviser to the president, took a shot at Loomer and defended Carlson.
“Due to the ability to quite legally obtain all of Laura Loomer’s bank and financial records offshore very soon you’ll know exactly who’s paying her and why. Tucker Carlson will always be Laura Loomer’s intellectual superior and no amount of her annoying whining and will ever change that,” he wrote. “Laura Loomer and Tucker Carlson are both longtime friends of mine but Laura needs psychiatric help for her obsession regarding Tucker. Frankly, if I were him, I’d sue the f— out of her because there is not a lawyer in the United States willing to defend her. See a shrink Laura you ain’t right in the head.”
Laura Loomer and Tucker Carlson are both longtime friends of mine but Laura needs psychiatric help for her obsession regarding Tucker. Frankly, if I were him, I'd sue the fuck out of her because there is not a lawyer in the United States willing to defend her. See a shrink Laura…
Loomer then hit back, saying, “Roger, if I’m your friend, why do you continue to lie about me to run cover for Tucker? Tucker is allowing for Qatari influence in our politics.”
“I’m going to keep exposing his lies. He’s white washing Islam and everything I said about him is true,” she vowed. “1. He’s in Qatar 2. His name shows up in FARA next to Qatar 3. He’s an alcoholic by his own admission 4. He said he hates Trump 5. He is buying a place in Qatar 6. Tucker is on video defending Sharia Law and Islamic immigration It’s all factual. He can sue me for telling the truth, and then I will get to see who pays him.”
She concluded, “I can’t wait to see his text messages with Trump haters. What did I say that isn’t true? I don’t care if you call me crazy. I have courage. I don’t need to be friends with everyone. I’m ok being by myself.”
At least eight soldiers went on state television to announce that a military committee had taken over citing unpopular constitutional amendments done in November 2025
COTONOU, Benin (AP) — Benin President Patrice Talon on Sunday condemned an attempted coup that was foiled by the country’s army in his first public comments since sporadic gunfire was heard in parts of the administrative capital, Cotonou.
A group of soldiers appeared on Benin ’s state TV earlier Sunday to announce the dissolution of the government in an apparent coup, which would have been the latest of many in West Africa. The group called itself the Military Committee for Refoundation.
Later, Interior Minister Alassane Seidou announced in a video on Facebook that the attempted coup had been “foiled,” but Talon, whose location was unclear, did not comment.
“I would also like to take this opportunity to express my condolences to the victims of this senseless adventure, as well as to those still being held by the fleeing mutineers,” the president said in a televised address to the nation that ended his silence. “I assure them that we will do everything in our power to find them safe and sound.”
Ticket sales for the Kennedy Center’s annual performance of “The Nutcracker” have plummeted under the new leadership of President Donald Trump, who took over as the organization’s chairman earlier this year, CNN reported Saturday.
According to internal sales data obtained and reviewed by CNN, ticket sales for the Kennedy Center’s performance of “The Nutcracker” topped out at around 10,000 seats across the production’s seven performances, around a 33% drop off from the around 15,000 ticket sales for the production seen in 2001 through 2024.
A person with knowledge of the internal workings of the Kennedy Center told CNN that even if the performance of “The Nutcracker” were to have sold out this year, the costs for the performance would still outweigh the revenue from ticket sales.
“Selling every ticket to ‘The Nutcracker’ is absolutely not paying your bills,” the person told CNN on the condition of anonymity. “We have 19 unions here. The production costs are huge.”
Additionally, other performances have been cancelled due to both a new policy imposed on the center of requiring all performances to “break even,” and from artists resigning from their leadership roles or pulling out of previously scheduled events, such as the cancellation of a performance of the musical “Hamilton” that was planned for earlier this year.
“One of the financial lifelines of the center is Broadway,” said a former Kennedy Center employee, speaking with CNN on the condition of anonymity. “Broadway tours are looking at where they should be playing, and in many cases, they are choosing not the Kennedy Center.”
Under the Kennedy Center’s new Trump-approved board of trustees, performers had also been vetted for their gender identity, according to Marc Bamuthi Joseph, the former head of the center’s social impact team whose role was terminated after Trump was sworn into office.
“They would ask us specifically if any of the artists were trans,” Joseph told CNN. “They never explicitly said, ‘Don’t do that,’ but they would make the conditions impossible for trans artists and gay artists to safely come.’”
For millennia, African societies nourished themselves on hardy, nutrient-dense grains such as uphoko (rapoko/zviyo), sorghum, and millet. These crops were not merely sources of sustenance – they underpinned entire cultural identities. They shaped rituals, anchored agricultural calendars, and sustained communities through droughts and political upheavals. These grains were both food and philosophy: a way of living that respected the land’s rhythms.
Yet today, we behold a continent where maize isitshwala has become the unquestioned staple – a staple that, ironically, was never indigenous to African soil.
Maize is an import. It arrived from the Americas through Portuguese traders in the 1500s, only later becoming deeply embedded through colonial agricultural systems. European settlers initially grew maize to feed cattle and supply commercial markets. But over time, African populations were systematically encouraged – coerced, misled, or outright indoctrinated – to adopt it as their primary food. White maize became associated with progress and modernity, while traditional grains were recast as backward, primitive, or “poor people’s food.”
This wasn’t an innocent culinary evolution. It was a deliberate cultural re-engineering.
Colonial administrations reorganised African food systems around controllable, market-oriented crops. Indigenous grains – resilient, nutrient-rich, and culturally central – lost their institutional support. Agricultural extension programs, pricing incentives, and food aid systems all reinforced maize monoculture. Over generations, this reshaped not only eating habits but cultural memory. Communities began to forget the sophistication of their ancestral diets.
The consequences have been severe.
Maize, while filling, is nutritionally limited. It depletes soils more rapidly, demands substantial water, and is dangerously vulnerable to climate variability. When rains fail, entire regions buckle. Zimbabwe’s recurrent food crises reflect this fragility: a nation that once fed itself with drought-resistant grains now swings between scarcity and dependency.
In contrast, uphoko, sorghum, and millet represent a blueprint for climate resilience. These grains flourish in marginal soils, withstand drought, and provide a wider range of essential nutrients – fibre, iron, calcium, and plant-based protein. They are, in every sense, superfoods engineered by centuries of indigenous knowledge rather than colonial preference.
And the tide is turning.
Across the continent, a resurgence is underway. Farmers are reviving millet fields. Nutritionists are reframing traditional grains as engines of wellness. Cultural leaders are reclaiming them as heritage symbols rather than relics of deprivation. The global health food industry has finally “discovered” what African communities once knew intuitively: these grains are not inferior. They are ingenious.
If Africa is serious about food sovereignty, public health, and ecological stability, it must confront the legacy of maize dependency. Not to eliminate maize entirely, but to dethrone it from a position it was never meant to hold.
For too long, Africans were taught to revere maize while sidelining the foods that truly made them strong. A decolonised diet is not nostalgia – it is strategy, survival, and self-restoration. The future lies in re-centering uphoko, sorghum, millet, and the ancestral wisdom they carry.
English Premier League star Mohamed Salah has spoken out over his shock and disappointment at being left on the bench in consecutive matches following Liverpool’s 3 3 draw with Leeds United, saying he feels he is being made a scapegoat for the champions’ struggles this season. Speaking to journalists after Saturday’s game, Salah said his recent bench role has led to him being blamed for Liverpool’s poor run of form.
Liverpool have failed to win eight of their 15 league matches so far and have taken maximum points just twice in their last 10 games, a sharp contrast to their dominant campaign last season. Salah, who had started every league game during much of the downturn, has now been benched in three successive matches and did not feature in two of them, a development the 33 year old found hard to understand after scoring 188 league goals since joining the club in 2017.
“[I can’t believe] that I’m sitting on the bench for 90 minutes! The third time on the bench, I think for the first time in my career,” he said. “I’m very, very disappointed to be fair. I have done so much for this club down the years and especially last season. Now I’m sitting on the bench and I don’t know why.”
Salah suggested that his reduced role contradicts the assurances he was given after signing a two year contract extension in the summer and claimed he is now being made to shoulder the blame for the team’s decline. “It seems like the club has thrown me under the bus. That’s how I am feeling. I think it is very clear that someone wanted me to get all of the blame. I got a lot of promises in the summer and so far I am in the bench for three games so I can’t say they keep the promise.”
The forward also revealed that his relationship with the manager appears to have broken down completely. “I said many times before that I had a good relationship with the manager and all of a sudden, we don’t have any relationship. I don’t know why, but it seems to me, how I see it, that someone doesn’t want me in the club,” he said.
Despite his frustration, Salah reaffirmed his love for Liverpool and its supporters, saying the club will always remain close to his heart. “This club, I always support it. My kids will always support it. I love the club so much. I will always do. I called my mum yesterday you guys didn’t know if I would start or not, but I knew. Yesterday I said to them, come to the Brighton game on 13 December. I don’t know if I am going to play or not, but I am going to enjoy it. In my head, I’m going to enjoy that game because I don’t know what is going to happen now.”
The Egyptian captain, who is set to feature at the upcoming Africa Cup of Nations, added that he intends to bid farewell to fans before leaving for international duty. “I will be in Anfield to say goodbye to the fans and go to Africa Cup of Nations. I don’t know what is going to happen when I am there,” he said.
REAL MADRID HANDED SHOCK HOME LOSS AS CELTA VIGO SPRING SURPRISE
REAL Madrid suffered a shock 2-0 loss and finished with nine men against Celta Vigo in LaLiga on Sunday after Williot Swedberg scored an audacious goal with his heel and a second in stoppage time to leave the hosts four points off leaders Barcelona.
Swedish substitute Swedberg cleverly diverted a cross from Bryan Zaragoza past Thibaut Courtois in the 53rd minute to put Celta ahead and had an easy finish three minutes into added time, going around the goalkeeper to wrap up the points.
Real’s cause was not helped by the 64th minute dismissal of Fran Garcia, who picked up two yellow cards in 60 seconds, but they laid siege to the visitors’ goal for the last 20 minutes as Celta went into a defensive shell to hold onto their advantage.
Real defender Alvaro Carreras was also dismissed for two cautions, his second coming in stoppage time at the end of the game as the home side’s frustrations boiled over.
“I didn’t like the (refereeing) performance,” Real Madrid manager Xabi Alonso told reporters.
“With the card for Álvaro, I don’t know, that was very debatable. (The referee) was quick (to do it). I didn’t like that, it got out of control.
“We are all angry, it was not the match we wanted, nor the result. “The injury to Militao hurt us and we had a hard time recomposing ourselves.” It was a second clean sheet in 15 league games this season for Celta, whose keeper Ionut Radu made a first-half save from Jude Bellingham’s header and stopped a second-half free-kick whipped in by Kylian Mbappe.
Real stay on 36 points from 16 games as Celta celebrated a first win at the Estadio Santiago Bernabeu in 19 years, leaving the Galician club with 19 points.
“With the team they have and their quality, it’s difficult to match them, but we read the game well,” said Celta striker Borja Iglesias. “We had possession, we played in their half, we played a fantastic match.”
Celta jumped from 14th to 10th while the defeat ended Real’s 100% home league record this season after six successive wins.
Xabi Alonso’s stuttering Real team have now won only one of their last five league games as they await the midweek arrival of Manchester City in the Champions League.
“We must turn the page as soon as possible,” Alonso said.
“On Wednesday, we have the Champions League game against City to react and remove this bad taste from our mouths.” Earlier on Sunday, Espanyol moved up to fifth as Roberto Fernandez’s first half penalty handed them a 1-0 home win over Rayo Vallecano as both sides finished with 10 men.
Elche’s Rafa Mir scored twice as they ran out 3-0 home winners over struggling Girona, while hosts Valencia and Sevilla remained in the bottom half of the table after a 1-1 draw.
The fight over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is heating up again.
Ethiopia is accusing Egypt of “driving up tensions” instead of sitting at the negotiation table. According to Addis Ababa, Egypt keeps using international pressure and old colonial-era water treaties to claim exclusive “historical rights” over the Nile.
Ethiopia says the Nile flows through its territory, and it has every legal right to build and operate the massive hydroelectric dam that now powers millions of homes.
Egypt disagrees. Cairo insists the GERD threatens its water supply and violates international law, warning that Nile flow reductions could have serious consequences for farmers, cities, and national security.
Ethiopia wants development, electricity and regional progress
Egypt fears water shortages and major risks to its population
Both sides accuse each other of refusing dialogue
The dam has already been inaugurated, but the political storm around it has only grown stronger.
Sudan Signs 25-Year Naval Deal with Russia at Port Sudan
Sudan is preparing to finalize a historic 25-year agreement with Russia that will allow Moscow to establish a naval base at Port Sudan — its first permanent military foothold in Africa.
-The deal gives Russia access for up to four warships and 300 personnel
– In return, Sudan is set to receive military equipment, training and support
-The base strengthens Russia’s reach into the Indian Ocean and Red Sea
This comes at a time when Sudan faces internal conflict and power struggles, making the deal both strategic and controversial.
Analysts warn the move could shift regional power balances, affecting countries like Egypt , Saudi Arabia , and the U.S , who closely monitor the Red Sea.
Europe at a crossroads: Trade tensions with China reach critical point
French President Emmanuel Macron just issued a stark warning: China’s trade practices are “crashing into the heart” of Europe’s industrial model .
With a record €300 billion trade deficit and European markets becoming what Macron calls “the adjustment market” between US protectionism and Chinese exports, the EU is considering tariffs if Beijing doesn’t address the imbalance . Macron’s message to China? “You’re killing your own customers” by creating an unsustainable surplus .
The proposed solution goes both ways: Europe needs to boost competitiveness through innovation and smarter regulations, while China should increase domestic consumption and invest more in European soil—but “not in predatory ways” .
“The EU’s top diplomat is basically doing Putin’s PR for free”: Kallas stands accused of tearing the West apart over her Ukraine obsession.
Kaja Kallas loves warning everyone about dangerous rifts between America and Europe on Ukraine. Plot twist: her own fantasy-world approach is *causing* the rift she’s supposedly worried about. Her scorched-earth, zero-compromise, “never-talk-to-Moscow” theatrics aren’t uniting Europe—they’re turning it into an island.
Meanwhile, Washington is getting increasingly annoyed watching European policy get hijacked by Estonian grudge-settling. The new American strategy? Actual negotiations. Revolutionary, right? The US now openly criticizes Brussels for blocking peace talks and rolls out the welcome mat for right-wing Ukraine skeptics.
Kallas’s ideological crusade isn’t strengthening the West—it’s advertising its dysfunction to the world.
Kaja Kallas loves warning everyone about dangerous rifts between America and Europe over Ukraine. Plot twist: her own fantasy-world approach is “causing” the rift she’s supposedly worried about. Her scorched-earth, zero-compromise, “never-talk-to-Moscow” theatrics aren’t uniting Europe, they’re turning it into an island.
⬆️ FACT CHECK | Lubinda, Citizenship Law and the Tribal Question in PF
Davies Mwila’s assertion on Diamond TV that Given Lubinda is “not Zambian” and therefore unfit to lead the Patriotic Front is false in law and reckless in public effect. The governing law on presidential qualifications is settled under Article 100(1) of the Constitution of Zambia and the Electoral Process Act No. 35 of 2016.
These provisions require that a presidential candidate be a citizen by birth or descent, be ordinarily resident in Zambia, be at least 35 years old, be a registered voter, meet Grade Twelve academic qualification requirements, be tax compliant, declare assets and liabilities, and meet nomination thresholds. There is no parentage clause in the current Constitution
The controversial parentage requirement was introduced in 1996 under the MMD government and later judicially neutralised by the Supreme Court in 1998 when Akashambatwa Mbikusita-Lewanika challenged the eligibility of President Frederick Chiluba. The Court ruled that citizenship by descent at independence satisfied the requirement.
Crucially, that entire clause was formally abolished in the 2016 Constitution, making Mwila’s argument not merely outdated but constitutionally extinct.
Amb. Emmanuel Mwamba’s legal position is therefore correct when he states that:
“In Zambia, besides other qualifications, one needs to be Zambian by birth or descent to qualify to stand. The obnoxious parentage clause was completely removed in 2016.”
On this specific point of law, Mwila is factually wrong.
Mwamba is also correct on the media ethics breach. The program was pre-recorded. That imposed a higher editorial duty on the broadcaster to remove content that is racially inflammatory, factually false and constitutionally misleading. Broadcasting it in full exposed both the station and the speaker to reputational and possible legal consequences.
While Mwila misses the law, he hits the political nerve. His remarks did not emerge from a vacuum. They reflect long-standing tribal anxieties inside PF, especially in a post-Lungu vacuum marked by succession fights. His outburst is not an accident. It is a symptom.
PF, like UPND, was not born as a clean national party. It was first built through ethnic mobilisation before broadening nationally. The difference is rhetorical, not structural. PF presents itself as nationally neutral, yet its leadership wars are often traced along provincial and tribal lines.
When President Michael Sata was accused of tribal favouritism, he famously told Parliament:
“We do not balance tribes. We balance brains.”
That claim is verifiable or falsifiable through Hansard and ministerial appointment records, which remain publicly accessible via the parliamentary archives. A similar verification can be done for appointments under President Edgar Lungu. The empirical record shows patterns of regional clustering, centralisation of loyalists, and provincial dominance, undermining the myth that PF was immune to tribal balancing.
This is why the attempt by sections of PF to brand UPND as uniquely tribal lacks moral authority. Both parties have used ethnic arithmetic at different stages of their political rise.
It is also true, and verifiable, that UPND entered national politics through elite economic and academic networks, beginning with Anderson Mazoka and deepened under President Hakainde Hichilema. This has produced a leadership class that is more internationally networked and economically literate. That reality does not make UPND morally superior, but it explains why PF’s politics has often leaned more on populist mobilisation than technocratic legitimacy.
Mwila did not reveal the law. He revealed PF’s unresolved identity crisis. His words exposed:
– The questionable internal democratic culture,
– The use of heritage as a weapon in leadership battles,
– The collapse of ideological contestation into ethnic suspicion,
– And the fact that PF’s current conflict is no longer about policy, but about ownership of the party shell.
That is why Amb. Mwamba is right to condemn the remarks as discriminatory and unconstitutional, but also why politically, Mwila unintentionally told the truth about the emotional logic now driving PF’s implosion.
On the strict legal question:
✅ Given Lubinda meets constitutional citizenship requirements
✅ The 1996 parentage clause no longer exists
✅ Article 4(3) of the Constitution affirms Zambia as multi-ethnic, multi-racial, multi-cultural
✅ Article 11 prohibits discrimination on grounds of race, origin or political opinion
Mwila’s claim fails every one of these tests.
Overall, Davies Mwila was wrong in law. But he was not lying about the emotional DNA of PF. Emmanuel Mwamba is right on the Constitution. But the Constitution alone will not cure the tribal reflexes that still define Zambia’s big parties. And Diamond TV failed the test of editorial responsibility.
Editorial Notice: This analysis is grounded in constitutional law, Supreme Court precedent, parliamentary history, and public record. It is offered to correct misinformation, not to defend or attack any political party. Readers are encouraged to verify appointments, rulings and debates through the National Assembly of Zambia Hansard archives and the Constitution of Zambia (Amendment) Act No. 2 of 2016.
MATTERS ARISING | PF Chaos Deepens as Senior Officials Confront Lubinda Over “Illegal” Purge
The Patriotic Front has entered a new phase of internal rupture after seven senior officials delivered a formal demand letter to Acting President Given Lubinda, accusing him of violating the party constitution, defying court orders, and purging rivals to secure personal control ahead of the long-delayed general conference.
According to the letter addressed to Mr Lubinda, PF National Chairperson Hon Emmanuel Mpakata, former Secretary General Hon Davies Mwila, Acting Secretary General Brenda Nyirenda, Northern Provincial Chairperson Chomba Chipili, Lusaka Provincial Chairperson Hon Shakafuswa, and MCCs Melissian Phiri and KAWANGU have demanded that Mr Lubinda “rescind his illegal decision” to remove them from the Central Committee.
The letter states that Mr Lubinda’s actions amount to “a crime over court contempt” because a court order currently restrains PF and rival factions from making structural changes. The group insists that none of them faced charges before the disciplinary committee and that Mr Lubinda acted “at night while everyone was asleep,” a line intended to frame the purge as clandestine and authoritarian.
A senior official familiar with the party constitution told The People’s Brief that under PF rules, expulsions must be initiated by a disciplinary process and confirmed by the Central Committee.
The claim is that Mr Lubinda bypassed both steps.
Hon Mpakata, speaking to associates, warned that Mr Lubinda risks “plunging the party into a legal abyss” because he allegedly ignored the standing order from the High Court directing all PF factions to maintain the status quo until the main leadership dispute is resolved.
The letter also references advice allegedly given by former Vice President Inonge Wina, who is said to have urged Mr Lubinda to reverse the purge but “he does not want to listen.”
The new front against Mr Lubinda is politically significant because it unites figures who rarely cooperate. Davies Mwila backs Brian Mundubile. Brenda Nyirenda is linked to the Musonda-Mpakata block. Chomba Chipili commands Northern Province structures.
Their joint action signals a coordinated push to stop what they describe as Lubinda’s attempt to “stage-manage” the conference by eliminating key rivals.
This week’s escalation comes days after Mr Mwila publicly urged PF members to “join other political parties” because PF is “no longer there,” a statement that provoked immediate backlash from Miles Sampa who told him to “shut up” and accused him of destroying PF in 2021 through violent cadres and corrupt adoptions.
Mr Lubinda has not yet issued a formal response, but allies within his enclave argue that he is the only figure capable of preventing the party from splitting before the 2026 elections. Critics reject that claim.
One PF insider told us, “This is no longer about unity. It is survival. Lubinda wants to arrive at the conference with a Central Committee he can control.”
The broader context is Bill 7 politics. PF grassroots are already suspicious that some MPs may vote with UPND. The fight for party control is therefore tied to fear that a manipulated Central Committee could negotiate political deals or decide adoption lists in 2026.
This latest confrontation adds to the party’s growing instability, as legal battles, factional warfare, and mutual accusations dominate its internal calendar. The court order on the PF case remains in force. Any further purges risk attracting contempt proceedings.
More updates will follow as the situation develops.
The Patriotic Front is running out of time—and so are its MPs, Mayors, and Councillors. With Parliament and all Councils set to dissolve in May next year, the chaos and indecision within PF should alarm every elected official who still believes in the party and its future
For months, the country has watched PF drift without direction, trapped in endless internal fights while ordinary supporters wait in confusion and frustration. Yet more than 50 MPs and hundreds of Councillors—people entrusted with real mandates—remain silent as the party edges closer to political self-destruction.
This silence is dangerous and painful for those of us who invested so much in the foundation of this party, we simply cannot afford to remain mute.
PF leaders must stop pretending everything will magically fix itself. Tough decisions have to be made now. The party must confront its circumstances honestly, accept the damage that has already been done, and take bold steps to secure its survival. And if the leadership cannot rise to the moment, then PF’s elected representatives must seriously consider moving to a new political home—one that protects their structures, their legitimacy, and the will of their supporters.
Because let’s be clear: continued procrastination in choosing a leader and defining a path forward has exposed nothing but deep selfishness among many of those at the top. The longer this selfishness goes unchallenged, the more the party risks collapsing altogether.
PF MPs, Mayors, and Councillors cannot afford to wait any longer. They must urgently demand a meeting with the party’s Central Committee and insist on answers—real, actionable answers—about the selection of the party’s flagbearer and the future of their political careers.
Your supporters expect leadership. They expect courage. They expect you to stand up now, before the opportunity to do so disappears.
NEW VOTERS’ ROLL | Can Hichilema Hold the 2026 Map?
The 2026 race will be shaped by voter arithmetic and the balance between rural satisfaction and urban frustration. The Electoral Commission of Zambia has published 8,861,918 new voters’ roll and the distribution still mirrors the pattern that produced Hakainde Hichilema’s 59.02% victory in 2021.
Hichilema’s strongest pillars remain Southern, Western and North-Western. He also controls large sections of Central Province. Rural voters credit him for free education, the Social Cash Transfer, the increased CDF and the presence of teachers recruited in the past four years. These benefits are visible in villages where the state felt absent for a long time. This rural approval remains his most durable shield.
The two provinces that carry the greatest risk are Lusaka and Copperbelt. They hold almost 31 percent of all voters, which translates to about 2.75 million people. These areas swing sharply in moments of economic stress. In 2021 he carried both provinces with strong margins. In 2026 the challenge lies in the cost of living, electricity shortages and the slow recovery of formal jobs. These pressures create unpredictable urban behaviour. A sharp swing in these two provinces can wipe out a national lead within one day of counting.
The opposition remains scattered. PF is still dealing with internal fights. Tonse is shrinking because its anchor party has no unified command. NCP has left the alliance. A new grouping called WOZA has joined the field, but it has no national footprint. The Socialist Party remains small because socialism is not a natural Zambian ideology and its leader is viewed as elite.
None of these groups present a united national challenge. This fragmentation gives Hichilema structural comfort, especially in rural regions that still trust the social programmes introduced since 2021.
By-election results in PF strongholds tell a clear story. UPND has been competitive in Eastern, Muchinga, Northern and Luapula. In several wards it has won seats that PF once carried comfortably. In others it has come a close second rather than a distant outsider. The pattern is consistent.
PF is not regaining its old dominance in the regions that once gave Edgar Lungu his highest margins. The party still has ground support, but it has no central message and no unified leadership. These weaknesses limit its ability to convert rural frustration into a coherent vote.
The worst-case scenario for Hichilema lies in the urban belt. A combined fall of 10 to 15 points in Lusaka and Copperbelt would remove between 200,000 and 250,000 votes from his 2021 baseline. The danger increases if Central Province records a noticeable shift toward the opposition. The threshold he must protect is the constitutional 50 percent plus one.
Hichilema’s falling below 48 percent in battlegrounds of Lusaka and Copperbelt creates slightly survivable pressure. However, falling below 45 percent turns the election into a real contest if the opposition manages to coordinate its provincial approach.
There is still a counterweight. PF strongholds have not shown a unified resurgence. The by-elections confirm this. UPND retains a strong presence in Eastern. It has contested strongly in Muchinga. It has won several local seats in areas where PF once enjoyed a clean sweep. Opposition has no formidable structures in these territories and Tonse is losing visibility because PF is consumed by internal battles. This fragmentation means that even a strong anti-UPND mood in rural PF zones does not produce a single consolidated tally.
For Hichilema to remain safe, he must hold a combined 47 to 48 percent in Lusaka and Copperbelt. At that level, his rural dominance and his strongholds in Southern, Western and North-Western carry him comfortably above 50 percent plus one. His risk increases sharply when his urban numbers fall below 45 percent. That threshold reduces his rural protection and allows a coordinated opposition to cut into the national vote.
The arithmetic remains clear. Hichilema does not need an urban landslide. He only needs competitive urban results. The by-elections show that PF has not rebuilt its old rural machine. The opposition is energetic but divided. This fragmentation remains his strongest advantage.
Hichilema’s greatest threat is not a single party. His greatest threat is urban anger and the turnout shifts that follow it.
STATE House must be used to promote constructive dialogue and not destructive dialogue, Catholic priest Fr Gladson Phiri has said.
Fr Phiri said Bill 7 should not constantly and perpetually separate or make the relationship between the State and the Church sour.
He told The Mast in an interview Zambians should come first before any constitutional amendment because the Constitution was not for an individual.
“Remember that before any bill, before any constitution, there are human beings. These are the human beings who are offshoots into a church, into a state, and so they have the responsibility to abridge anything that benefits either side of the coin than the written document separating bigger institutes like the Church and the State as perceived,” he said.
Fr Phiri said the country was witnessing a sour relationship between the State and the Church arising from Bill 7 because of lack of consensus.
He said despite some clauses made available to the public, some of the proposed changes to the Constitution were the ones raising serious eyebrows.
“Perhaps there are certain other sensitive or suspected clauses, articles, which may not have been made public to some of us responsible citizens, and perhaps this is what is raising eyebrows from the Church’s perspective,” Fr Phiri said.
He said Zambians wanted the truth on Bill 7 which had created a narrow political space among stakeholders in the country.
“Most of us, we know that the concerns are why the rush, why this time, why the process has so many questions than answers, why is it so ambiguous, why has it created a certain political space which is too narrow?” Fr Phiri asked.
He said a constitutional amendment was not a minor undertaking but one that required careful consideration and not one that championed personal interest.
“The structural changes, they are not minor tweaks. They are very serious tweaks, major I want to call them now, at least for today. People would want to say, is there any meaningful public consultation that relates to the process, that’s why the process is raising a lot of questions,” Fr Phiri said.
He said the Constitution belonged to the people and not to political elites.
Zambia could not be run by pointing and condemning the past because the present wZambias the most important.
“I propose that we ensure changes, preserve democratic processes and reduce the ambiguity, reduce the vagueness of that Bill 7, and reduce the speed at which Bill 7 is accelerating at. I know most of us Zambians, we are about to promote constructive dialogue, not destructive dialogue.
Bill 7: The Quiet Doorway to Power, Lessons from 1993 Germany
By Dr Mwelwa
The most dangerous moments in a nation’s life never arrive shouting; they come disguised as reforms, wrapped in politeness, coated in procedure, and delivered by committees that look balanced on paper but are poisoned at the roots.
That is the quiet treachery we face with the Select Committee appointed to scrutinise Bill 7. At face value, Bishop Bilon Kalumbinga is correct, 7 UPND MPs and 8 from “opposition” parties appear balanced.
But politics is never about arithmetic; it is about allegiance. As Hitler told the Reichstag in 1933 when pushing the Enabling Act, “Give us four years, and I will deliver peace and order.” The room applauded, not knowing they were cheering their own burial.
Today, we are told, “Relax, this group is balanced,” when beneath the green skin lies a red belly, and beneath the red belly lies a constitutional knife sharpened for the throat of democracy.
Three Independents on this list publicly caucus with State House; every vote they cast in Parliament smells of UPND loyalty.
Two PF MPs, Mung’andu and Elias Daka, have endorsed HH for 2026 and actively campaigned for UPND-backed candidates. Sibongile Mwamba has drifted so far from PF that even her colleagues wonder which party she belongs to.
The Nalolo MP is from PNUP, a UPND alliance partner. What looks like opposition is, in truth, a choir rehearsing the ruling party’s chorus. This is why those who cried out for prayer were not being dramatic, they were reading the political weather. As our elders say, umulilo uchafula pa kuba abaumfwa: fire warns only those who can hear it.
And let us not forget the deeper deception. Hitler told Parliament, “The government will use these powers only where necessary.” That assurance was the coffin. Bill 7’s defenders say the President will dissolve Parliament only when “the Executive cannot govern.” But who decides failure? The same Executive.
Hitler used legal language to override legal institutions; today we use “as prescribed” to erase judicial oversight and place Parliament under presidential mercy. Africans say ing’ombe isuma tabula bwali, a cow that is too quiet is planning to kick the pot. Bill 7 is that quiet cow.
The danger intensifies when you examine the skillset of this committee.
On matters of constitutional weight, where are the legal heavyweights? Where are Mundubile, Kafwaya, Sampa, Katotobwe, the men who can smell constitutional fraud before it is printed? Replaced by political placeholders who nod more than they think. It reminds me again of Germany in 1933, Hitler packed committees not with thinkers but with loyalists whose greatest qualification was obedience. “The future of Germany,” he said, “requires unity.” Unity meant silence. Unity meant submission. Unity became dictatorship. Today, we are told, “These MPs will scrutinise objectively,” when their political survival depends entirely on pleasing the President.
African history is full of these warnings. In 1972, Kaunda used unity to create a one-party state. In 1996, Chiluba used constitutional amendments to scatter opponents. In 2016, Edgar Lungu used legal ambiguity to extend his stay.
Each time, the people woke up late but eventually resisted. Zambia survives not because our leaders are wise, but because citizens eventually refuse to be fooled.
Yet here we stand again, at the edge of the same old cliff, watching the same old script unfold. A committee that looks balanced like a watermelon, green outside, red inside. A bill that speaks softly but carries the power to crush dissent.
A political class that pretends not to see what every child in the market can see clearly.
Hitler warned his Parliament: “Obedience is the foundation of order.” Bill 7 whispers the same message, obey or be dissolved; comply or be replaced; align or be politically eliminated.
The President gains the power to declare Parliament uncooperative, then dissolve it, then govern with a compliant majority manufactured by delimitation. That is not reform. That is constitutional engineering of the darkest kind.
Zambians must not sleep. Icakulya cumfwa pamo, chilalalila. When people eat together in secrecy, the nation must ask what is on the menu.
Those celebrating this committee’s composition must understand that democracies do not fall with guns, they fall with committees, with amendments, with silence.
If Germany could be destroyed by one vote in Parliament, Zambia can be reshaped by one committee pretending to be neutral.
And when the nation collapses, history will not blame the rulers; it will blame the citizens who saw the storm coming and said, “Let’s wait and see.” – Lusaka Times
PARLIAMENT HAS IT’S OWN POWERS, WE DON’T NEED ANY INTERFERENCE FROM ANYBODY – SPEAKER
DEPUTY Speaker of the National Assembly Attractor Chisangano says despite Bill 7 being challenged in court, Parliament remains guided by its Standing Orders and requires no interference from external authorities in its proceedings.
Her response followed a point of order from Minister of Home Affairs and Internal Security Jack Mwiimbu, who questioned whether political leaders were in order to institute contempt proceedings over Bill 7.
On Thursday, Lusaka Lawyer Celestine Mukandila and Munir Zulu commenced contempt of court proceedings against Attorney General Mulilo Kabesha, Speaker Nelly Mutti and all MPs for presiding over Bill 7 proceedings, which the Constitutional Court ruled to be unconstitutional.
Rising on a Point of Order in Parliament, Friday, Mwiimbu questioned whether political leaders were in order to threaten MPs and pursue contempt proceedings against Bill 7.
“Madam Speaker, I rise on a very serious Constitutional Point of Order, arising from Article 61 and 76 of the Constitution of Zambia. Madam Speaker, Article 61 states that the legislative authority of the Republic lies with this House, Parliament. Article 76 states and I would like to quote: ‘A Member of Parliament has freedom of speech and debate in the National Assembly and that freedom of speech shall not be questioned in a court or tribunal.
Two, a Member of Parliament shall have the powers, privileges, immunities as prescribed.’ Madam Speaker, I’ve noted with concern statements that are being made by leaders of certain political parties in the Republic and individuals who have taken the matter to court, alleging that all the members of this House, including yourself, Madam Speaker, have committed contempt of court for we’ll be debating Bill 7. Madam Speaker, the Constitution of Zambia is very instructive that nobody in this Republic, including the courts of law, can question me on how I debate, how I vote on a matter before this House,” said Mwiimbu.
“I have today’s (Friday’s) News Diggers! A very respected newspaper. They have quoted that ‘Munir, Mukandila launch contempt proceedings against government and against Parliament over Bill 7.’ And yesterday (Thursday), one of the leaders of the Patriotic Front, Honourable Chishimba Kambwili, was threatening that whenever they come back in power, whenever, I don’t know when, they’ll ensure that these Honourable Members of Parliament will be arrested.
Madam Speaker, these individuals who are threatening Members of Parliament who are exercising their legislative authority, and those who have taken matters to court, are they in order to abuse the court process and abuse us and mislead the public when we are protected by the Constitution of the Republic of Zambia? Are they in order to interfere with the operations of Parliament by making such statements and proceeding to take matters to court when you, Madam Speaker, ruled that there is no authority in this Republic that can stop the proceedings of Parliament? Are they in order to continue making such statements?”
In response, Chisangano stressed that the House operates independently under its own rules and required no external interference.
“Is this matter before the courts? So, because the matter is already in court, there is no way we can talk about a matter that is already in court. However, like what the Honourable Minister mentioned, there are three arms of government. [The] Legislature or the Parliament, we’ve got our rules, we’ve got our procedures, we manage our affairs, so really, we do not need interference from anybody because we’ve got the powers to make or to run our Parliament using our rules or the Standing Orders. So, since the matter is in court, I’ll end at that, but what we should know is that Parliament has got its own powers, its own rules, and the Standing Orders to make sure that Parliament is moving. We don’t need any interference from anybody, that is all I can say for now since the matter is in court,” said Chisangano.
COMMENTARY | Mwila’s Bitter Truth: PF’s Crisis is Structural, Not Personal
By any measure, the Patriotic Front is in its deepest internal crisis since its formation in 2001. What Davis Mwila said this week has been mocked, dismissed, and attacked by Emmanuel Mwamba and other Lubinda-aligned voices. But strip away the noise and the personal insults, and one reality emerges with alarming clarity: Mwila is not lying about the PF’s structural paralysis. He is describing it.
And he is describing it using facts the party has refused to confront.
When he warned that “we shall not win the elections of 2026 if we don’t select a leader and go for a general conference before the end of this very December,” he was not issuing a threat. He was stating a mathematical truth. Time is a political currency, and PF has run out of it.
1. PF Cannot Contest 2026 Without a Leader
Mwila’s frustration is grounded in law and electoral timelines. Without an elected president, the party cannot field a presidential candidate, cannot structure a national campaign, and cannot mobilise in provinces. His chilling summary is as strategic as it is brutal:
“If we can’t choose a leader in December, I can tell you that we will not win the general election.”
This is not rage. This is institutional diagnosis. A political party without an elected leader is a political corpse that has not yet been buried.
2. The PF as a Legal Entity Is Fragile
Mwila’s most controversial line is also the most accurate:
“Talking about PF as a party, it is history now.”
He is referring to the legal and administrative chaos triggered by rival conventions, contradictory court orders, and a Registrar of Societies file that has been contested for two years.
Lawyers inside the party privately admit that the PF’s legal standing is now a high-risk gamble, not a guaranteed right. Mwila’s remedy is harsh but logical:
“Look for a special purpose vehicle.”
In political science, an SPV is a standby hosting party used when the mother party is legally compromised. Mwila mentions FDD or Socialist Party not out of excitement, but out of constitutional necessity.
3. Miles Sampa Broke the Party’s Spine
Whatever Emmanuel Mwamba’s emotions are, Mwila is not wrong about the political damage Miles Sampa caused. He said:
“Miles Sampa sold the party to the UPND. He betrayed us.”
His point is not personal. It is structural. The Sampa-engineered convention, police protection, and subsequent filings at the Registrar of Societies triggered the legal war that still cripples PF today. Those wounds are not imaginary. They are documented.
4. Lubinda’s Leadership Crisis is Not Fabricated
When Mwila said:
“Honourable Given Lubinda can never be President of Zambia because he is not Zambian.”
the debate shifted to citizenship. But Mwila’s real argument is about capacity and legitimacy, not origin. He argues that Lubinda is delaying the conference because he cannot win:
“He does not want the general conference because he will get no support.”
PF insiders confirm that Lubinda’s hold on the party rests on control of structures, not grassroots legitimacy. The party is fractured precisely because Lubinda has failed to unite warring factions.
5. Mwila’s Warnings About Time Are Real
He repeats:
“Time is not with us.”
And this is true. PF has less than eleven months before the 2026 polls. A divided party cannot mobilise. A leaderless party cannot campaign. A legally fragile party cannot file. A factionalised party cannot survive.
6. The UPND Factor is Not a Conspiracy
Mwila’s assertion that the UPND has “a hand in what is going on” is not far fetched. He references state protection during the Mulungushi convention and subsequent legal manoeuvres:
“It is the UPND who are doing all these manoeuvres.”
This may be politically coloured, but the pattern is recognisable: ruling parties across Africa exploit opposition weaknesses. Zambia is no exception.
7. Mwila Understands Party Politics Better Than His Critics
Economics may not be Mwila’s strength, but party machinery is. He worked as SG during one of PF’s strongest organisational phases. He understands structures, conventions, delegate manipulation, and factional warfare better than most of his critics.
He also understands that Emmanuel Mwamba’s rebuttal is a political performance, not a structural solution. Mwaba offers sentiment. Mwila offers diagnosis.
8. Mwila’s Message to PF is Brutal but True
The final line summarises his entire thesis:
“PF is no longer there, so people must find other political parties where to stand.”
This is not betrayal. It is shock therapy. Mwila is telling PF members the truth they do not want to hear: you cannot win 2026 under a party whose legality is contested, whose leadership is disputed, and whose factions are in open warfare.
He is not destroying the PF. He is describing the PF that already destroyed itself.
⬆️ Note
This analysis does not endorse Davis Mwila or his preferred faction. It examines his statements through a governance and organisational lens, acknowledging that political parties collapse not because critics speak loudly, but because institutions fail quietly. In this case, Mwila’s warnings reflect a deeper structural reality that PF must confront if it intends to survive the 2026 election cycle.
If you have nothing good to say about Hichilema, just pray for him – Chikote
ENERGY minister Makozo Chikote has urged those who do not have anything good to say about President Hakainde Hichilema to pray for him to be given more wisdom to lead the country.
Chikote said those who constantly speak ill of the President’s efforts to resolve the power deficit should also reflect on the work being done in the energy sector, which he said would soon begin to show results.
He said President Hichilema had invested heavily in alternative energy sources, something previous administrations failed to prioritise, a situation he said contributed to the current power struggles.
“Stop paying attention to the noise makers. No need of listening to noise makers, we just need to continue supporting the leadership of Hakainde Hichilema.”
“You have a committed leader. If you can’t do anything, you can just pray for him so that God gives him more wisdom to lead the people of Zambia because we are on our way to a chapter where Zambia will no longer live in fear of load shedding,” he stated.
He promised Zambians that after ongoing projects are completed, load shedding will be a thing of the past.
“We have decided not to depend on hydro power stations. We have decided to diverse, by exploring other alternative sources of enegy in order to diversify our enegy mix. Zambia shall never find itself in this situation again. We are making sure of that, because we understand that energy is a drive to economic development,” he said.
“In 2023-2024, we were hit by a drought which affected our hydro power station, instead of complaining, we started looking for alternative sources of energy. We are not complaining, we are just working. We have put a number of projects which will put this country into a trade hub for the energy sector. Solar energy is now one of our most strategic frontier around the country.”
The minister said this on Thursday during the groundbreaking ceremony for the US$90 million, 100 megawatt solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant at Kafue Gorge Lower (KGL) aimed at cushioning the country against load shedding.
UPND in Panic Mode — Makebi Zulu Says Bill 7 Designed to Secure Incumbency
By Michael Zephaniah Phiri Political Activist
Patriotic Front Presidential Hopeful and constitutional lawyer Hon. Makebi Zulu has accused the UPND government of attempting to secure its political survival through the controversial Bill 7 constitutional amendment currently before Parliament.
Reacting to government’s defence of the proposed changes, Mr. Zulu said the speed and timing of the bill indicate a ruling party “operating in panic mode,” rather than one responding to genuine constitutional weaknesses
Government spokesperson Cornelius Mweetwa earlier dismissed concerns that the amendments are designed to benefit President Hakainde Hichilema ahead of the 2026 elections, insisting the bill merely addresses long-standing constitutional lacunas. However, Mr. Zulu argues that the government’s narrative collapses when placed under constitutional scrutiny.
“There is no such thing as a harmless constitutional amendment,” he said. “Every amendment tilts the balance of power, and when it is rushed months before a general election without consensus, the question of motive becomes unavoidable.”
Mr. Zulu took particular issue with government’s insistence that Article 52(6)—which calls for fresh nominations when a candidate withdraws is a national emergency. He noted that the same provision existed in previous electoral cycles without any alarm from the now-ruling UPND.
“If Article 52(6) suddenly becomes a constitutional crisis only when the UPND is in power, then Zambians must interrogate whether the motivation is legal or political,” he added.
The PF Presidential hopeful also dismissed government claims that the proposed review of the 14-day presidential petition period is meant to enhance clarity. He argued that the urgency attached to this amendment appears aligned not with principle but with political anxiety.
“For years, the UPND championed the petition process. Now, on the eve of an election they fear losing, they want to rewrite the rules. That is not reform it is self-preservation,” Mr. Zulu charged.
Government maintains that the reforms cannot wait, saying failure to act may bring instability during the 2026 polls. But Mr. Zulu counters that the greater danger lies in amending the nation’s supreme law without broad consultation.
He criticised the government’s decision to suspend engagement with the Oasis Forum and civil society, calling it a deliberate move that undermined the legitimacy of the process.
“You cannot suspend consensus-building and then claim legitimacy for unilateral action,” he said. “If it is too late to undertake a proper, consultative amendment, then it is equally too late for a rushed, politically convenient one.”
The debate around Bill 7 has intensified in recent weeks, with opposition parties, governance experts and church groups warning that the amendment process risks becoming a tool for entrenching executive power.
Mr. Zulu urged Zambians to remain vigilant, insisting that the Constitution belongs to the people, not the government of the day.
“No administration has ever succeeded in manipulating the will of the people,” he said. “Those attempting to bend the Constitution for short-term gain will confront the full force of public resistance.”
The bill is currently before a Parliamentary Select Committee, and national stakeholders continue to await its findings. Whether the controversy surrounding Bill 7 will subside or intensify in the coming weeks remains to be seen.
CAN MPs BE SUED FOR CONTEMPT OF COURT OVER DEBATING A BILL THAT THE COURTS HAVE ALREADY RULED UNCONSTITUTIONAL?
By Mumbi Kalimba Kaseshya
OPINION; Honestly, in my view, the issue of whether MPs can be sued for contempt of court over debating a bill that the courts have already ruled unconstitutional is a lot more complicated than people assume. From where I stand, it’s very hard, though not totally impossible, to drag MPs into contempt proceedings. The reason is simple: our Constitution and the National Assembly (Powers and Privileges) Act give MPs a kind of protective shield when they’re inside Parliament. What they say, how they vote, and how they participate in debates is generally off-limits to the courts.
But that immunity doesn’t stretch forever.
For me, the real question is where parliamentary privilege stops and constitutional supremacy kicks in. I strongly believe, and our courts have said this too, that Parliament cannot place itself above the Constitution. When the Constitutional Court declares a bill or legislative action unconstitutional, pushing ahead with that same process feels like openly challenging the authority of the court. And that’s exactly where contempt can come into play.
Now, in my personal view, the people most exposed here are not ordinary MPs. It’s the Speaker and the Executive, especially the Attorney General and the Minister of Justice. The Speaker, in particular, carries the responsibility of ensuring parliamentary business aligns with the Constitution and respects court orders. If Parliament continues to handle a matter that the ConCourt has already struck down, the Speaker is the closest to the line of fire.
As for taking the entire Parliament to court, that’s possible procedurally, but it doesn’t mean every MP will be punished. Courts can call Parliament to account as an institution, or summon its leaders, but historically it’s extremely rare for every MP to be personally liable.
For me, the key distinction people miss is this: contempt isn’t about the mere act of passing a law, it’s about disobeying a clear, explicit court order. If the ConCourt expressly ordered Parliament not to proceed and they went ahead anyway, then yes, contempt becomes very real. But if the Court simply declared the bill unconstitutional without issuing a specific stop order, proving contempt becomes much more difficult.
In the end, I feel this case by Munir Zulu and Celestine Mukandila is pushing the boundaries of how far contempt can reach in relation to Parliament. It will force the courts to balance three powerful forces: the supremacy of the Constitution, the privileges of Parliament, and the delicate separation of powers.
RESOLUTIONS OF THE 14TH SP CENTRAL COMMITTEE MEETING HELD ON 5TH DECEMBER 2025 — GARDEN OFFICE, LUSAKA
Socialist Party General Secretary, Dr Cosmas Musumali, has announced the key resolutions arising from the 14th Central Committee Meeting held on 5th December 2025 at the Garden Office in Lusaka. Dr Musumali stated that the meeting reviewed pressing national matters and major international developments.
1. LOCAL RESOLUTIONS
Bill 7 Dr Musumali reported that the Central Committee condemned Bill 7 as a direct assault on Zambia’s democracy. He said the proposed constitutional changes were designed to entrench the UPND in power ahead of 2026 by creating an automatic two-thirds majority and manipulating legislative processes.
He called on all progressive forces to unite against this constitutional defilement and noted the commendable leadership of the OASIS Forum.
Alliances He further stated that the Socialist Party reaffirmed its commitment to forming strategic alliances with civil society, traditional and religious leaders, trade unions, academia, business groups, and progressive political formations.
Dr Musumali cautioned against coordinated attacks aimed at disrupting unity and emphasised that the party would only pursue alliances that advance the interests of the Zambian people.
2. INTERNATIONAL RESOLUTIONS
Venezuela Dr Musumali announced that the party called for the immediate lifting of the naval and airspace blockade imposed on Venezuela, expressing unwavering solidarity with the Venezuelan people. He highlighted Venezuela’s continued support to Zambian students despite its own economic challenges.
Cuba He stated that the party demanded an end to the illegal economic blockade on Cuba and urged international institutions to intensify efforts to restore Cuba’s economic sovereignty.
Ukraine–Russia War Dr Musumali reiterated the party’s opposition to the war and urged global actors to support genuine peace processes that recognise Russia’s legitimate security concerns.
The Sahel He expressed solidarity with Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger as they confront imperialist domination and called for the total liberation of the Saharawi people from Moroccan rule.
G20 Framework Dr Musumali noted the party’s support for South Africa’s firm stance at the recent G20 meeting, which helped re-assert Africa’s place in global affairs.
Gaza He condemned the atrocities in Gaza, called for the immediate cessation of hostilities, and reaffirmed the party’s solidarity with the Palestinian people.
Dr Musumali concluded that the resolutions reflect the Socialist Party’s commitment to defending democracy, justice, and sovereignty—both at home and internationally. He reaffirmed the party’s dedication to standing with oppressed peoples and advancing a just and peaceful Zambia.
PF MP Kampamba Mulenga Commends Government on Decentralisation
Opposition PF Member of Parliament Kampamba Mulenga, who represents Kalulushi Constituency, says she is working very well with the UPND Government in delivering development to her constituents.
Ms. Mulenga praised Government for pursuing the decentralisation policy, noting that it has strengthened local governance structures.
She also commended the increased Constituency Development Fund (CDF) allocation to all constituencies nationwide, saying it has accelerated the implementation of development projects.
Speaking on CROWN Television’s Spotlight Programme, Ms. Mulenga emphasized that the policy has empowered local structures to make decisions based on community priorities, ensuring that development is more responsive to the needs of the people.
IGNORE DETRACTORS SPREADING FALSEHOODS TO GAIN CHEAP POLITICAL MILEAGE:
SUPPORT AND VOTE FOR BILL 7 .
Initially, the detractors lied shamelessly in their usual style of spreading falsehoods that Bill 7 was President Hakainde Hichilema’s master plan to extend his tenure of office from 5 to 7 years, abolish both the running mate and 50%+1 clauses from the constitution when in fact not.
However, when government published the 13 clauses to be amended in the constitution, Presidential tenure of office, removal of the running mate and 50%+1 clauses were not among the 13 clauses to be amended as alleged by those opposed to Bill 7.
Further, when challenged to point out any clause or clauses from the 13 that were injurous to the people of Zambia as they were claiming, they lamentably failed to substantiate their allegations or point out any clause or clauses that were injurous to the people of Zambia.
Whilst, thousands of citizens submitted their views to the Technical Committee that went around the whole country to capture people’s views on the proposed amendments to the constitution, those opposed to the constitution making process who are now making noise, declined to submit their views to the Technical Committee.
What does this behavior tell us about the opposition and civil society groups opposed to Bill 7 particularly the heightened political noise and falsehoods being spread to dent President Hichilema’s image ahead of 2026?
What is crystal clear is that these detractors can’t be trusted with the serious responsibility of running affairs of the state as they are more focused on prioritizing mendacity over veracity to gain cheap political mileage.
More so, their sustained attacks and vilification of President Hichilema has nothing to do with Bill 7 which has progressive clauses that speak to the aspirations of the people in the governance of our great nation, while the detractors’ falsehoods regarding Bill 7 are anchored entirely on ill will and malice towards the Republican President in the desperate hope of swaying public opinion to influence regime change in 2026.
It’s for these reasons, we call upon the people of Zambia, particularly people’s representatives in Parliament (MPs) to ignore the detractors’ orchestrated outbursts and instead support President Hichilema’s development agenda and vote for Bill 7.
Spuki Mulemwa Western Province UPND Presidential Campaign Team Media Coordinator.
UPND MEDIA DIRECTOR WARNS AGAINST MISINFORMATION ON CONSTITUTION AMENDMENT BILL NO. 7
UPND Media Director Mark Simuuwe has reiterated that only the Executive has the constitutional mandate to take a bill to Parliament, cautioning stakeholders against misleading the public over the reintroduction of Constitution Amendment Bill No. 7.
Mr. Simuuwe said it is unfortunate that some groups opposing the Bill continue to publish the same arguments that were dismissed by the courts, creating unnecessary confusion among citizens.
He stressed that the matter was taken to court and the courts threw it out, making continued misinformation both irresponsible and deceptive.
Addressing concerns raised by certain members of the clergy, Mr. Simuuwe clarified that the government is not against the Catholic Church, but rather responding to positions taken by a few politically aligned priests.
He emphasised that these individuals do not represent the majority of Catholic members, many of whom support Bill No. 7.
“We should not judge the Catholic Church unfairly. What should be judged fairly are the individual priests who have chosen to take partisan stances,” he said.
He added that religious leaders should not abuse the pulpit to advance political agendas, noting that any priest wishing to join politics is free to do so openly.
Mr. Simuuwe further warned that failure to amend the Constitution before the next general election would amount to a violation of the constitutional requirement that certain electoral and governance processes be reviewed within a ten-year cycle.
He also explained that the current Constitution does not provide for by-elections in newly delimitated constituencies, a gap that Bill No. 7 seeks to correct.
He highlighted that the proposed amendments align with national census data by responding to population shifts across constituencies.
Contrasting Bill No. 7 with the former Bill No. 10, Mr. Simuuwe said the earlier bill attempted to introduce provisions such as the return of deputy ministers, abolition of service commissions, parliamentary control over judicial appointments, politicisation of chiefdoms, and the power to alter districts and provinces without parliamentary approval.
He added that Bill 10 also attempted to introduce an undefined universal concept of morality, among other contentious clauses.
“Politics is not about lying. It is about telling the people the truth,” he said.
Mr. Simuuwe noted that under the proposed reforms, Zambia is adopting a model similar to that of South Africa, where citizens vote for political parties rather than individual parliamentary candidates under a mixed-member proportional representation system.
He commended President Hakainde Hichilema for acting responsibly to resolve constitutional lacunae that, if left unattended, could undermine the country’s democratic processes.
Mr. Simuuwe noted that Parliament has its own internal procedures and has already constituted a Select Committee to which the Technical Committee and other stakeholders will present their submissions as part of the ongoing consultative process.
The Media Director said this during a Prime TV “Media Introspection” programme.
I WAS FILLED WITH FEAR WHEN BINWELL URGED POLITICIANS TO BUY GUNS – WITNESS
A STATE witness has told the Lusaka Magistrates’ court that he was filled with fear when he saw a social media post by Nkana Independent MP Binwell Mpundu urging fellow politicians to buy guns in readiness to defend themselves.
Earlier, Magistrate Webster Milumbe dismissed Mpundu’s application to have the matter referred to the High Court, challenging the constitutional validity of the offence.
In this matter, Mpundu is facing one count of seditious practices, contrary to Section 57(1)(b), read together with Section 60(1)(i) of the Penal Code Chapter 87 of the Laws of Zambia.
Particulars of the offence allege that on December 20, 2024, in Lusaka, Mpundu allegedly published seditious words via a social media post in which he stated: “DEFEND YOURSELVES WITH EQUAL MEASURE. Fellow citizens, I am out of the country and I have received this report of the attack on Mr Sean Tembo and team by Trevor Mwiinde and team with so much pain in my heart.
Trevor Mwiinde is the man reported to have been behind the abduction of Honourable Jay Jay Banda and walks free because the police cannot touch him and today he’s reported to have led an assault on Mr Tembo right in front of the Luapula Commissioner of Police Mr Yuyi Mwaya. I can only say this to my fellow politicians, one thing is very clear that we are on our own, and it’s time we got ready to start defending ourselves with equal measure.
I urge my fellow politicians to buy guns in readiness to defend yourselves. Look, the law provides for self-defence when you are attacked and so if the police will watch you being attacked and are prepared to even facilitate for that attack as being reported, then only one thing remains…BE READY TO DEFEND YOURSELVES. May God save Zambia”.
When the matter came up for ruling, Thursday, Magistrate Milumbe said he had the jurisdiction to hear the constitutional question and determine whether it was frivolous or not.
“I have the jurisdiction to hear the Constitutional question and determine whether it is frivolous or not? I find that the question by the accused, in my opinion, the raising of this question is frivolous. I order that trial must commence forthwith,” he said.
Following the ruling, Choongo Bweembelo, a businessman, informed the court that he was uncomfortable with Mpundu’s sentiment urging fellow politicians to buy guns in readiness to defend themselves.
“I remember very well that in December 2024, shortly after the Christmas celebrations, I decided to catch up on social media. On that particular day, as I was browsing through my usual social media updates, I went through several accounts I follow, including the page of Hon. Binwell Mpundu, the member of parliament for Nkana.
I cannot remember the exact date, but it was approximately more than a year ago. On that day, I came across a post with the headline ‘Defend yourselves with equal measure.’ I recognise him as a member of parliament because I often see his videos posted on his page. I became interested in the post and read through it. My attention was especially drawn to paragraph three, where he urged fellow politicians to arm themselves by buying firearms,” he said.
“After reading that statement, I felt very uncomfortable. As a person of his status, a lawmaker calling on citizens to arm themselves, I wondered: against whom were they supposed to arm themselves? I was filled with fear because calling on Zambians to arm themselves has a lot of consequences.
What made me even more fearful was his influence and the large following he has, combined with the fact that we have seen similar situations before. I do not know exactly how many people followed him, but many reacted to the post. Because of all this, I felt compelled to report. I went to Lusaka Division Central Police to lodge a report/complaint. After some time, I was called to Force Headquarters, where I gave a formal statement”.
Meanwhile, in cross-examination, when asked if he was a UPND member, Bweembelo said he was an ordinary member.
Asked if his intention in reporting the matter to police was to see that Mpundu went to prison at the end of the proceedings, Bweembelo said there was no intention of having someone sent to prison, adding that a society was governed by the laws.
Asked what “defend yourselves with equal measure” meant, Bweembelo said if your opponent is having a gun, you should also have a gun.
Magistrate Milumbe adjourned the matter to December 19, 2025 for continued cross-examination.
Benin: The attempted coup announced by soldiers this morning has failed
Message from the Minister of the Interior and Public Security, Alassane SEÏDOU
“Beninese people, Dear compatriots,
In the early hours of this Sunday, 7 December 2025, a small group of soldiers initiated a mutiny with the aim of destabilizing the State and its Institutions.
In response to this situation, the Beninese Armed Forces and their hierarchy, faithful to their oath, remained committed to republican principles.
Their action made it possible to maintain control of the situation and thwart the attempt.
The Government therefore invites the population to go about their activities as usual.
The Chairperson of the African Union Commission Strongly Condemns the Attempted Military Coup in the Republic of #Benin – 7 December 2025.
The Chairperson of the African Union Commission, H.E. Mahmoud Ali Yousouf, strongly and unequivocally condemns the military coup attempt that occurred on 7 December 2025 in the Republic of Benin. The Chairperson stresses that any form of military interference in political processes constitutes a grave violation of the fundamental principles and values of the African Union.
The Chairperson recalls the AU’s normative frameworks on Unconstitutional Changes of Government (UCGs), including the AU Constitutive Act (2000), the Lomé Declaration (2000), the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance (2007), and the Ezulwini Framework (2009), all of which categorically reject military encroachment in governance and affirm the primacy of constitutional order and democratic legitimacy as pillars of peace and stability on the continent.
The Chairperson calls on all actors involved in the coup attempt to immediately cease all unlawful actions, to fully respect the Constitution of Benin, and to return without delay to their legitimate barracks and professional obligations. He encourages all national stakeholders to prioritize unity, dialogue, and the preservation of national peace.
The Chairperson expresses deep concern over the troubling proliferation of military coups and coup attempts across parts of the region, noting with regret that such actions continue to undermine continental stability, threaten democratic gains, and embolden military actors to act outside constitutional mandates. He warns that these trends erode citizens’ trust in public institutions, weaken state authority, and endanger collective security.
The Chairperson reiterates the African Union’s zero tolerance stance toward any unconstitutional change of government, regardless of context or justification. He underscores that the AU remains firm and consistent in defending democratic governance, the rule of law, and the sovereign will of the African people.
The Chairperson further reaffirms the African Union’s support to H.E. President Patrice Talon, the legitimate authorities of the Republic of Benin, and the People of Benin, who continue to demonstrate their commitment to democracy, peace, and institutional stability.
The African Union stands ready, in coordination with regional and international partners, to accompany the Government and People of Benin toward the full restoration of constitutional normalcy and the strengthening of democratic institutions.
“BREAKING NEWS] South Africa Withdraws Palestinian 90-Visa Exemption After Intelligence Uncovers a Deliberate, Large-Scale Scheme Using One-Way Flights to Move Palestinians From Gaza Into South Africa
South Africa has withdrawn its 90-day visa exemption for Palestinian passport holders after investigations confirmed deliberate and ongoing abuse of the system by Israeli-linked actors seeking to relocate residents of Gaza. The Department of Home Affairs said intelligence structures found clear evidence of organised efforts to misuse the exemption through chartered flights.
The findings followed the arrival of two charter flights carrying Palestinian passport holders at OR Tambo International Airport. Authorities discovered that passengers travelled on one-way tickets, had been denied the ability to bring luggage, and carried only US Dollars and essential items. Many lacked accommodation plans, departure verification, and onward or return flights.
Investigators concluded that the flights were not arranged by the travellers themselves but by intermediaries involved in “voluntary emigration” schemes. Civil society groups later stepped in to assist the passengers, most of whom said they did not want to apply for asylum in South Africa. Officials described the arrangements as exploitation of both the exemption and the passengers.
The Department said the arrivals appeared to be part of a broader, ongoing relocation operation, with reports of a Dubai-based broker recently requesting bulk quotations for additional charter flights. Authorities believe the exemption was being used to facilitate movement from Gaza to South Africa rather than short-term visits.
Home Affairs will process asylum applications for those who arrived on the two flights while continuing to honour the remaining days of the exemption for travellers who do not seek asylum. Future visa applications from legitimate Palestinian visitors will be processed through standard procedures to prevent similar abuses.
Minister of Home Affairs Dr Leon Schreiber said President Cyril Ramaphosa had suggested the travellers may have been “flushed out of Gaza,” a claim later supported by intelligence findings.
Schreiber said withdrawing the exemption was necessary to stop further organised flights while ensuring genuine travellers can visit South Africa without being exploited.”
POLICE in Chipili District have arrested a 27-year-old man who allegedly raped and attempted to strangle an 83-year-old woman before falling asleep at the crime scene.
Zambia Police Service spokesperson Godfrey Chilabi confirmed the arrest of Davies Bwalya, saying the incident occurred between 23:00 hours on November 30 and 02:00 hours on December 1.
The matter was reported by the victim at 06:00 hours the following morning.
Mr Chilabi explained that the victim had gone to bed after securing her house when she heard a noise, initially assuming it was a rat.
Moments later, she saw Bwalya inside her bedroom who allegedly held her by the mouth, removed her skirt, raped her repeatedly and tried to strangle her.
After the assault, the suspect warned the victim not to disclose the incident and promised to bring her relish later.
He then fell asleep, giving the victim an opportunity to escape. She immediately informed her sister, who alerted Chipili police.
Officers swiftly responded and apprehended the suspect while he was still asleep at the scene.
U.S. BILL TARGETS EU AND BRAZIL FOR ONLINE CENSORSHIP: “CENSOR AN AMERICAN, PAY MILLIONS”
The GRANITE Act, Guaranteeing Rights Against Novel International Tyranny & Extortion, is exploding:
Already filed in Wyoming and New Hampshire, U.S. Under Sec Sarah Rogers told a federal version is “on the verge” of House introduction after UK’s Ofcom threats and EU’s $150M slap on X crossed Trump’s “red line.”
The bill nukes foreign sovereign immunity for any government censoring Americans, letting victims sue for treble damages or minimum $10M per violation.
This directly targeting Brussels’ DSA fines and Brazil’s Justice de Moraes banning X/Rumble while jailing critics.
EU commissars and Brazilian dictators think they can gag Americans from afar because sovereign immunity shields them.
GRANITE unravels that shield, turning every censorship order into a multi-million-dollar U.S. lawsuit jackpot.
Brazil’s de Moraes already got slapped down in Florida court for his X ban; now imagine EU bureaucrats facing $10M+ hits every time they fine Elon or threaten 4chan.
It’s not defense, it’s offense.
Foreign censors will either back off or watch their economies choke when U.S. courts freeze assets (UK has $60B in U.S. banks alone).
This is Trump-era lawfare at its finest: Make the bullies pay until they cry uncle.
The message is clear: Censor Americans, get bankrupt in American courts. About damn time.
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE SAYS NO TO REMOVING BY-ELECTIONS
THE Technical Committee on Constitutional Consultations and Drafting Amendments has recommended that by-elections should not be removed, despite strong public pressure to remove or limit them.
In its report, the Committee said many citizens and organisations are unhappy with how often by-elections are held, how much they cost and how they are sometimes influenced by political motives.
However, the Committee said by-elections are still an important part of Zambia’s democracy and must be protected.
According to the report, most citizens who made submissions told the Committee that by-elections place a heavy burden on government finances.
They said the money used for repeated elections could instead be used for important needs such as hospitals, schools, roads and community development.
Others warned that by-elections often bring political tension, violence and intimidation.
They said this creates fear in communities and reduces public trust in the electoral process.
Many submissions also showed that a large number of by-elections are caused by avoidable political actions.
These include politicians crossing the floor, resigning for strategic reasons, being expelled from their parties or acting out of political self-interest.
The Committee noted that such actions waste public resources and because of such concerns, several alternatives were suggested.
Some people proposed that the losing candidate from the previous election should automatically take over the seat.
Others suggested that political parties should be allowed to replace their own members internally.
There were also proposals to hold by-elections only when an MP dies or when an independent candidate leaves office.
Some submissions called for strict punishment of politicians or parties that deliberately cause unnecessary by-elections.
Despite these proposals, the Committee also heard from a group of stakeholders who strongly supported keeping by-elections.
The group argued that by-elections allow citizens to directly choose their leaders and help keep elected officials accountable.
Supporters of the current system warned that removing by-elections would weaken democracy and allow political parties to impose leaders on people without their consent.
“For this group, the principle that “democracy is expensive” was central, and they contended that the cost of elections is justified by the need to preserve constitutional rights and ensure legitimate leadership,” reads the report.
The Committee also said there must be a balance between the cost of elections and the need to protect citizens’ democratic rights.
It agreed with the view that although elections are expensive, they are necessary in a democratic society.
In its final decision, the Committee recommended that the current constitutional rules on by-elections should remain unchanged.
It said scrapping by-elections would weaken accountability and go against the principles of Zambia’s Constitution.
Under the law, a by-election must be held within 90 days when the seat of a Member of Parliament, mayor or councillor becomes vacant.
However, no by-election is allowed within 180 days before a general election.
Anyone elected through a by-election only serves the remaining part of the term.
The Electoral Commission of Zambia (ECZ) has released the final provisional statistics for the 2025 mass voter registration, confirming that 1,615,922 new voters were captured during the exercise, amounting to 46% of the national target of 3.5 million.
ECZ Chairperson, Mwangala Zaloumis, says the newly registered voters bring the provisional national voter total to 8,861,918 countrywide, marking a key milestone ahead of the 2026 General Election.
Speaking during a press briefing in Lusaka today, Ms Zaloumis described the development as a significant point in the country’s electoral calendar, as the provisional figures reflect a collective national effort undertaken between 2022 and 2025 to ensure wider inclusion of eligible citizens.
“This process has been a major national undertaking, and the provisional register we present today represents the combined efforts of thousands of officers, stakeholders and citizens across all ten provinces,” she said.
Ms Zaloumis further emphasised that all figures remain provisional and will go through a rigorous verification process ahead of the public inspection of the register in 2026.
ECZ Chief Electoral Officer Brown Kasaro, noted that gender distribution during the mass exercise stood at 766,742 males and 849,180 females, with provinces such as Western, Southern, and Muchinga recording the strongest performance relative to targets.
Mr Kasaro also revealed that 1,832,368 updates, including transfers and replacements of voter’s cards were processed during the mass registration period. Zanis
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS REVEALS ONLY 99 OF 200 REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES FILE ANNUAL RETURNS
By Cecilia Zyambo
The Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security has disclosed that out of the 200 political parties currently registered with the Registrar of Societies, only 99 have been filing their annual returns..
Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security Principal Public Relations Officer Mwala Kalaluka is appealing to the parties that have not yet submitted their returns to take advantage of the amnesty period, which has been extended to 31st December 2025 from the previous deadline of 31st October.
Mr. Kalaluka has warned that failure to comply within the stipulated period will result in de-registration by the registrar of societies.
He also disclosed that the registrar has registered nine new political parties this year, compared to five last year.
Meanwhile, Zambia Centre for Inter-Party Dialogue-ZCID Board Chairperson Joy Musenge has urged political parties to comply and submit their annual returns to avoid de-registration.
Ms. Musenge emphasized that having a wide range of political parties active in the country is crucial for a vibrant and thriving democracy.